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Palaeobiogeography and Evolutionary Patterns of the Larger Foraminifer emBorelis/em de Montfort (Borelidae)

  • Davide Bassi
  • , Juan C. Braga
  • , Giovanni Di Domenico
  • , Johannes Pignatti
  • , Sigal Abramovich
  • , Pamela Hallock
  • , Janine Konen
  • , Zoltan Kovacs
  • , Martin R. Langer
  • , Giulio Pavia
  • , Yasufumi Iryu
  • , Pamela Hallock Muller

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

<p> The palaeobiogeography of the alveolinoid <em> Borelis </em> species reveals the evolutionary patterns leading to the two extant representatives, which occur in shallow&hyphen;water tropical carbonate, coral reef&hyphen;related settings. Type material and new material of fossil <em> Borelis </em> species, along with Recent specimens were studied to assess their taxonomic status, species circumscriptions (based on proloculus size, occurrence of Y&hyphen;shaped septula, and the index of elongation), palaeobiogeography and evolutionary dynamics. The species dealt with here are known from exclusively fossil ( <em> B. pygmaea </em> , <em> B. inflata </em> , <em> B. philippinensis </em> , <em> B. melo </em> , <em> B. curdica </em> ), and from fossil and modern ( <em> B. pulchra </em> , <em> B. schlumbergeri </em> ) specimens. For the first time, fossil and Recent <em> Borelis </em> specimens are illustrated via micro&hyphen;computed tomography scanning images. Depending on the occurrence of Y&hyphen;shaped septula, two lineages are distinguished. Deriving from the middle&ndash;upper Eocene <em> Borelis vonderschmitti </em> , the first lineage includes <em> B. inflata </em> , <em> B. pulchra </em> and <em> B. pygmaea </em> , lacking Y&hyphen;shaped septula. The first species bearing Y&hyphen;shaped septula is the Rupelian <em> B. philippinensis </em> of the western Indo&hyphen;Pacific. The westward migrants of <em> B. philippinensis </em> into the Mediterranean gave rise to <em> B. melo </em> (Aquitanian&ndash;Messinian) and <em> B. curdica </em> (Burdigalian&ndash;Tortonian). These two species became isolated from the Indo&hyphen;Pacific by the Langhian eastern closure of the Mediterranean basin and disappeared during the Messinian Salinity Crisis. Since the Tortonian, <em> B. schlumbergeri </em> , which descended from <em> B. philippinensis </em> , has inhabited the Indo&hyphen;Pacific along with <em> B. pulchra </em> . From the central Pacific Ocean, <em> B. pulchra </em> reached the Caribbean area before the early Piacenzian closure of the Central America seaway.</p>
Original languageAmerican English
JournalPapers in Palaeontology
Volume7
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 1 2019

Keywords

  • palaeobiogeography
  • evolutionary patterns
  • Borelis
  • biostratigraphy
  • Tethys
  • Pacific Ocean

Disciplines

  • Life Sciences

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