TY - JOUR
T1 - Status, Change, and Futures of Zooplankton in the Southern Ocean
AU - Johnston, Nadine M.
AU - Murphy, Eugene J.
AU - Atkinson, Angus
AU - Constable, Andrew J.
AU - Cotté, Cédric
AU - Cox, Martin
AU - Daly, Kendra L.
AU - Driscoll, Ryan
AU - Flores, Hauke
AU - Halfter, Svenja
AU - Henschke, Natasha
AU - Hill, Simeon L.
AU - Höfer, Juan
AU - Hunt, Brian P.
AU - Kawaguchi, So
AU - Lindsay, Dhugal
AU - Liszka, Cecilia
AU - Loeb, Valerie
AU - Manno, Clara
AU - Meyer, Bettina
AU - Pakhomov, Evgeny A.
AU - Pinkerton, Matthew H.
AU - Reiss, Christian S.
AU - Richerson, Kate
AU - Jr., Walker O.
AU - Steinberg, Deborah K.
AU - Swadling, Kerrie M.
AU - Tarling, Geraint A.
AU - Thorpe, Sally E.
AU - Veytia, Devi
AU - Ward, Peter
AU - Weldrick, Christine K.
AU - Yang, Guang
AU - Daly, Kendra L.
PY - 2022/1/1
Y1 - 2022/1/1
N2 - In the Southern Ocean, several zooplankton taxonomic groups, euphausiids, copepods, salps and pteropods, are notable because of their biomass and abundance and their roles in maintaining food webs and ecosystem structure and function, including the provision of globally important ecosystem services. These groups are consumers of microbes, primary and secondary producers, and are prey for fishes, cephalopods, seabirds, and marine mammals. In providing the link between microbes, primary production, and higher trophic levels these taxa influence energy flows, biological production and biomass, biogeochemical cycles, carbon flux and food web interactions thereby modulating the structure and functioning of ecosystems. Additionally, Antarctic krill ( Euphausia superba ) and various fish species are harvested by international fisheries. Global and local drivers of change are expected to affect the dynamics of key zooplankton species, which may have potentially profound and wide-ranging implications for Southern Ocean ecosystems and the services they provide. Here we assess the current understanding of the dominant metazoan zooplankton within the Southern Ocean, including Antarctic krill and other key euphausiid, copepod, salp and pteropod species. We provide a systematic overview of observed and potential future responses of these taxa to a changing Southern Ocean and the functional relationships by which drivers may impact them. To support future ecosystem assessments and conservation and management strategies, we also identify priorities for Southern Ocean zooplankton research.
AB - In the Southern Ocean, several zooplankton taxonomic groups, euphausiids, copepods, salps and pteropods, are notable because of their biomass and abundance and their roles in maintaining food webs and ecosystem structure and function, including the provision of globally important ecosystem services. These groups are consumers of microbes, primary and secondary producers, and are prey for fishes, cephalopods, seabirds, and marine mammals. In providing the link between microbes, primary production, and higher trophic levels these taxa influence energy flows, biological production and biomass, biogeochemical cycles, carbon flux and food web interactions thereby modulating the structure and functioning of ecosystems. Additionally, Antarctic krill ( Euphausia superba ) and various fish species are harvested by international fisheries. Global and local drivers of change are expected to affect the dynamics of key zooplankton species, which may have potentially profound and wide-ranging implications for Southern Ocean ecosystems and the services they provide. Here we assess the current understanding of the dominant metazoan zooplankton within the Southern Ocean, including Antarctic krill and other key euphausiid, copepod, salp and pteropod species. We provide a systematic overview of observed and potential future responses of these taxa to a changing Southern Ocean and the functional relationships by which drivers may impact them. To support future ecosystem assessments and conservation and management strategies, we also identify priorities for Southern Ocean zooplankton research.
KW - Future Response
KW - Management
KW - conservation
KW - ecosystem structure and function
KW - Ecosystem change
KW - Drivers of change
KW - Zooplankton
KW - Southern Ocean
UR - https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/msc_facpub/2580
U2 - 10.3389/fevo.2021.624692
DO - 10.3389/fevo.2021.624692
M3 - Article
VL - 9
JO - Frontiers In Ecology and Evolution
JF - Frontiers In Ecology and Evolution
ER -