TY - JOUR
T1 - Survival and Recovery of the Foraminifer emAmphistegina gibbosa/em and Associated Diatom Endosymbionts Following Up to 20 Months in Aphotic Conditions
AU - Ross, Benjamin J.
AU - Hallock, Pamela
AU - Muller, Pamela Hallock
PY - 2019/5/1
Y1 - 2019/5/1
N2 - Dormancy in the Foraminifera has been observed widely across the phylum in reaction to a variety of triggers including, in the diatom symbiont-bearing foraminifer Amphistegina gibbosa, extended periods of darkness. Resumption of activity in the host-symbiont holobiont was noted, but not fully documented, in specimens reintroduced to light following up to 12 months in darkness. Here, criteria for documenting recovery included resumption of reticulopodial activity in the host and return of pre-treatment golden-brown color characteristic of an active symbiotic diatom population. Reticulopodial activity resumed in nearly all treatment specimens ( greater than 95%) following 12 months in darkness, and in greater than 70% of the specimens when reintroduced to light following 20 months in darkness. Image analysis using the percent of the foraminiferal surface area showing golden-brown color as a proxy for recovery of the endosymbionts showed return of such color within days for shorter treatments (7 and 12 months in darkness), but slower and less complete return in longer treatments (15 and 20 months), indicating increased susceptibility to photic damage of symbionts as the length of dormancy increased.
AB - Dormancy in the Foraminifera has been observed widely across the phylum in reaction to a variety of triggers including, in the diatom symbiont-bearing foraminifer Amphistegina gibbosa, extended periods of darkness. Resumption of activity in the host-symbiont holobiont was noted, but not fully documented, in specimens reintroduced to light following up to 12 months in darkness. Here, criteria for documenting recovery included resumption of reticulopodial activity in the host and return of pre-treatment golden-brown color characteristic of an active symbiotic diatom population. Reticulopodial activity resumed in nearly all treatment specimens ( greater than 95%) following 12 months in darkness, and in greater than 70% of the specimens when reintroduced to light following 20 months in darkness. Image analysis using the percent of the foraminiferal surface area showing golden-brown color as a proxy for recovery of the endosymbionts showed return of such color within days for shorter treatments (7 and 12 months in darkness), but slower and less complete return in longer treatments (15 and 20 months), indicating increased susceptibility to photic damage of symbionts as the length of dormancy increased.
KW - amphistegina
KW - dormancy
KW - foraminifera
KW - symbiosis
UR - https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/msc_facpub/890
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2019.03.013
U2 - 10.1016/j.marmicro.2019.03.013
DO - 10.1016/j.marmicro.2019.03.013
M3 - Article
VL - 149
JO - Marine Micropaleontology
JF - Marine Micropaleontology
ER -